CREATION OF FLAME RETARDANT COMPOSITIONS FOR POLYESTER AND COTTON-POLYESTER TEXTILE MATERIALS
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.51580/2024-4.2710-1185.55Keywords:
textile materials, blended fabrics, sodium hexametaphosphate, flame retardant, flame retardant coating, flame retardant efficiency, flammability, combustion, fire resistance of fabric materials, flame retardant properties, final finishing.Abstract
Abstract. Introduction. A significant disadvantage of materials and products of light industry is
flammability. Analysis and statistics of fires show that the easy flammability of clothing materials and the
high speed of flame spread lead to significant human casualties. In this regard, most countries of the world
have adopted laws prohibiting the use of combustible materials in the production of workwear for work in
conditions of high temperatures and splashes of molten metal, clothing for the elderly, bed linen in
nursing homes, children's toys, as upholstery and finishing materials and for other purposes. Therefore,
the problem of reducing the flammability of materials and products of light industry is relevant and of
paramount importance.
The purpose. The article is devoted to the development of flame retardant technology for polyester
and blends of cotton and polyester fabrics. An analysis of existing methods for imparting fire-retardant
properties to textile materials and assessing their effectiveness is carried out.
Methodology. The following tissues were chosen as the object of study: polyester 100 % (surface
density 180 g/m2
), polyester 65 %/ cotton 35 % (surface density 180 g/m2
), polyester 65 %/ cotton 35 %
(surface density 250 g/m2
), polyester 40 %/ cotton 60 % (surface density 230 g/m2
). The following
components are used for the preparation of the compositions: sodium hexametaphosphate 150-200 г/л,
polyethylene glycol 40 г/л, urea 80 г/л. The fabric is impregnated with a finishing solution, added, dried
and thermofixed.
Results and discussion. Effective flame-retardant compositions for textile materials have been
developed. Optimal technological parameters for fire-retardant treatment of textile materials are
determined. The effect of treatment on the combustion processes of fire-retardant textile materials has
been studied. The effect of fire-retardant treatment on the physical and mechanical properties of finished
materials is investigated.
Conclusion. Optimal concentrations were selected to give textile fabrics fire-retardant properties, as
well as to improve their consumer properties. Treatment of the material with flame retardants does not
worsen the consumer properties of the fabric. This technology is available and versatile to ensure fire
resistance
