The SYNTHESIS OF METAL NANOPARTICLES USING PLANTS TO ENHANCE THE GROWTH AND GERMINATION OF AGRICULTURAL CROPS

Abstract

Introduction. Nanoparticles of several metals obtained through biosynthesis have interesting pharmacological properties due to extract components' sorption on their surface, which broadens their application possibilities. For these reasons, the issue of metal nanoparticles synthesis biological ways optimization is highly important nowadays. Purpose of the work is to present experimental data on the synthesis of metal nanodispersions using plant extracts of Artemisia (wormwood), Psylliostachys (plantain), Achillea nobilis (yarrow) and use in growing crops. Methodology. A feature of this method is the use of a more environmentally friendly approach to the synthesis of nanoparticles by preparing extracts from plant materials. Plant raw materials for synthesis, synthesis conditions (temperature, pH value, ratio of metal salts: extract) were experimentally selected. It was found that in presence of extract from bitter wormwood nanoparticles formation occurs faster than in case of using Psylliostachys (plantain) or Achillea nóbilis (yarrow). Sythesized silver nanoparticles were studied using microscopy and spectroscopy. Results. Obtained particle sizes are between 70 and 100 µm, which proves nanostructured nickel and cobalt particles formed in synthesis. Average particle size is 80 µm. New growth stimulator М-Nitro-Ni,Co was used to increase annual grasses and vegetables growth and germination; as a result, they had stronger roots, thicker stems, dark-green leaves and larger size comparing to the test ones.