HEAVY METALS IN SOILS OF ALMATY REGION (KAZAKHSTAN)

Abstract

The article describes the content of heavy metals in soils of Almaty region (Kazakhstan). Sampling was done at three sampling points: Almaty city, Baitirek village and Avat village. Heavy metals were analyzed in three different forms: water-soluble, mobile and total content. The total content of heavy metals characterizes the overall soil contamination, but does not show the degree of availability of elements for the plant.The content in the soils of plant-accessible mobile forms of heavy metal compounds is determined using ammonium acetate buffer solution with a pH of 4.8. It determines the exchangeable and weakly sorbed forms of metals.The concentration of metals in the aqueous extract shows the degree of mobility of elements in the soil, being the most dangerous and “aggressive” fraction. The content of zinc in all investigated areas should be controlled, especially in Almaty city and Avat village, where increased values for mobile forms were found.

References

[1] Yong Du, Lv Chen, Ping Ding, Lulu Liu, Qichan He, Bingzhi Chen, Yanying Duan. Different exposure profile of heavy metal and health risk between residents near a Pb-Zn mine and a Mn mine in Huayuan county, South China // Chemosphere. 2019. Vol. 216. P. 352-364.
[2] Rybicka E.H. Impact of mining and metallurgical industries on the environment in Poland // Appl. Geochem. 1996. Vol. 11. P. 3-9.
[3] Ashraf M.A., Sarfraz M., Naureen R., Gharibreza M. Mining and Economic Development: Mining and Environmental Problems // Springer Singapore. 2015. Vol. 24. P. 17-51.
[4] Yang Q.W., Shu W.S., Qiu J.W., Wang H.B., Lan C.Y. Lead in paddy soils and rice plants and its potential health risk around Lechang Lead/Zinc Mine, Guangdong, China // Environ. Int. 2004. Vol. 30. P. 883-889.
[5] Plumlee G.S., Morman S.A. Mine wastes and human health // Elements. 2011. Vol. 7. P. 399-404.
[6] Yuling Liu, Boqing Tie, Yuanxinglu Li, Ming Lei, Xiangdong Wei, Xiaoli Liu, Huihui Du. Inoculation of soil with cadmium-resistant bacterium Delftia sp. B9 reduces cadmium accumulation in rice (Oryza sativa L.) grains // Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety. 2018. Vol. 163. P. 223-229.
[7] Shahab Ahmadi Doabi, Mahin Karami, Majid Afyuni, Mojgan Yeganeh. Pollution and health risk assessment of heavy metals in agricultural soil, atmospheric dust and major food crops in Kermanshah province, Iran // Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety. 2018. Vol. 163. P. 153-164.
[8] Qing X., Yutong Z., Shenggao L. Assessment of heavy metal pollution and human health risk in urban soils of steel industrial city (Anshan), Liaoning, Northeast China // Ecotoxicol. Environ. Saf. 2015. Vol. 120. P. 377-385.
[9] Wu S., Peng S., Zhang X., Wu D., Luo W., Zhang T., Zhou S., Yang G., Wan H., Wu L. Levels and health risk assessments of heavy metals in urban soils in Dongguan, China // J. Geochem. Explor. 2015. Vol. 148. P. 71-78.
[10] García-Carmona M., García-Robles H., TurpínTorrano C., FernándezOndoño E., Lorite Moreno J., Sierra Aragón M., Martín Peinado F.J. Residual pollution and vegetation distribution in amended soils 20 years after a pyrite mine tailings spill (Aznalcóllar, Spain) // Science of the Total Environment. –2019. Vol. 650. P. 933-940.
[11] Lock K., Jannsen C.R. Influence of ageing on zinc bioavailability in soils // Environ. Pollut. 2003. Vol. 126. Is. 3. P. 371-374.
[12] Ponomarenko O.I., Botvinkina M.A., Matveyeva I.V. Methods of control of natural objects and environmental monitoring: educational-methodological handbook. Almaty: Kazakh University, 2014. 165 p.